Monday January 27, 2025
Mogadishu (HOL) — China’s recent ban on livestock and animal product imports from Somalia and other countries has raised alarm bells in Mogadishu, where the economy is heavily reliant on livestock exports. The prohibition, aimed at curbing the spread of diseases like foot-and-mouth disease, has far-reaching implications for Somalia’s trade and pastoralist livelihoods.
The ban, announced by China’s General Administration of Customs, affects major livestock exporters, including Somalia, Ghana, Egypt, and Nigeria. Both processed and unprocessed products, such as sheep, goats, poultry, and deer, are included in the restrictions. The decision follows warnings from the World Health Organization (WHO) about disease outbreaks in several regions.
Somalia’s economy depends heavily on livestock, which accounts for approximately 70% of exports. In 2023, the country generated nearly $1 billion from the export of camels, cattle, goats, and sheep, primarily to Saudi Arabia. The ban could significantly impact pastoralist communities and the broader economy.
Efforts to secure a response from the Somali government regarding the ban were unsuccessful, leaving questions about how Mogadishu plans to address the issue.
China’s restrictions also apply to Asian and European countries, including Pakistan, Afghanistan, Germany, and Bulgaria. Foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious viral infection, is central to the concerns. The disease disrupts productivity, threatens trade, and endangers pastoralist livelihoods worldwide.
Recent outbreaks in regions such as the Caucasus, Russia, and Central Asia have heightened awareness of the need for preventive measures. In response, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has been providing online training for veterinarians and livestock professionals on disease management and control.
Somalia faced its own livestock disease crisis in August 2023 when “Jadeeco Madow,” or “Ku Habso,” was reported in Mudug and Galgaduud regions. The disease, believed to have spread from Ethiopia, caused severe symptoms, including fever, nasal discharge, and lethargy, with infected animals typically dying within a week.
Dr. Suleiman Mohamed Salah, Director General of Galmudug’s Ministry of Livestock, described the outbreak as devastating, underscoring the need for stronger disease prevention measures in Somalia.
In addition to disease-related challenges, Somalia’s livestock sector has been embroiled in controversy. Reports indicate that the Somali government recently granted exclusive export rights to a foreign trader, sparking backlash from local exporters and nearly 100 members of the Federal Parliament.
The lawmakers criticized the government’s decision, claiming it undermines Somali traders and centralizes control over a vital economic sector. They have demanded the decision be reversed and warned of further action if their concerns are not addressed.